Custom gland steam systems using liquid ring vacuum pumps and centrifugal blowers are also available. It does so with the help of cooling water circulated into it from the cooling tower. Gland type flexible metallic packing water packing carbon packing a watersealed glands and labyrinth seals as used on the highpressure end of condensing turbines. What the function of gland steam condenser answers. Gland steam condenser api schmidtbretten, api heat. Gland staem condenser is meant for condensing the steam whichwas. As turbine exhaust is connected to a condenser which is operated below atm pressure so there are chances of air ingres or va. Oct 27, 2017 steam condenser is a mechanical device which converts the low pressure exhaust steam from the turbine into water. Any literature on large condensing steam turbines should include information about the gland steam condenser system. Steam condenser power plant stock photos download 99. Performance characteristics of an aircooled condenser under ambient conditions. Pdf gland steam condenser 12 april daily notes of mr. However, the carbon ring gland is still used on some older turbines.
The difference between the heat of steam at the inlet and the heat of steam at the. Where cooling water is in short supply, an aircooled. Unique systems offers the most comprehensive line of gland steam systems in the industry. Gland condensers ab progetti vacuum systems steam jet. During condensation, the working substance changes its phase from vapour to liquid and rejects latent heat.
Modern steam turbines use labyrinth glands to restrict steam and air leakage. In the steam collection header, steam falls down in fin tubes in aframe of air cooled condenser due to vacuum. Turbine gland steam condenser valve control theory. For process purpose in the plant, medium pressure steam might be required, this steam is extracted from the steam turbine at the required level of pressure. During this period the steam leakage valve connecting this header to condenser is kept closed.
When casing pressure is lower than atmospheric, external steam is supplied via a letdown valve and desuperheater. Specifically, if the turbine exhausts into a vacuum system, it is necessary to inject sealing steam into the seals in order to keep the low pressure end of the turbine from drawing in atmospheric air. Dear all i am working as a head engineer at a sulphuric acid plant. The last section of each gland goes to gland steam condenser which remains at vacuum. Lately, in one of our steam turbines we are experiencing loss of vacuum, which we have attributed to the gland steam condenser. Steam condenser a heattransfer device used for condensing steam to water by removal of the latent heat of steam and its.
The condenser tubes and baffles are arranged in such a way as to cause the steam to flow from the condenser steam inlet toward the air cooler section. Large steam system condensers heat exchanger engineers edge. Our gland steam condenser packages come in almost every possible configuration, allowing us to supply complete systems to major steam turbine oems around the world. Turbine gland steam system the turbine gland steam system tgss provides steam to the turbine glands and the turbine valve stems. Heat exchange institute hei, standards for steam surface condenser, 1970.
The gland steam condenser collects air and steam mixture, condenses the steam, and discharges the air leakage. In a steam power plant, steam from the steam turbine is condensed in a water cooled or air cooled condenser that operates under vacuum. Pdf experimental study on performance of steam condenser in. Gland sealing system complete heat exchanger steam. During condensation, the working substance changes its phase from vapour to liquid and. Veera bramham, experimental study on performance of steam condenser in 600mw singareni thermal power plant, international journal of mechanical engineering and technology 93. To sealing turbine before pulling condensate vacumn before start up, gland sealing steam is extracted from the live steam system or auxiliary steam systeam and decreased both pressure and temperature pressure. Once collected, the steam is separated from the air and condensed in a shell and tube condenser. Simultaneously, gland steam system is started to prevent air inleakage. Operating on a continuous basis, api heat transfers gland steam condenser package pulls a slight vacuum on the turbine shaft seals by means of vacuum pumps, centrifugal blowers, or steam ejectors. Cooling medium is used water to convert steam into water. Lately, in one of our steam turbines we are experiencing loss of vacuum, which we have attributed to the gland steam condenser malfunction. Condensation can be done by removing heat from exhaust steam using circulating cooling water. These condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state at a pressure below atmospheric pressure.
How does the steam turbine gland sealing system work. Our gland steam condenser packages pull a slight vacuum on the turbine. The steam carries with it the noncondensible gases such as air, carbon. The condensing capacity of the condenser is impaired by the presence of air. It is a closed space into which the steam exits the turbine and is forced to give up its latent heat of vaporization. The range of application varies from the design and fabrication of condensers used in the main propulsion systems of the largest of naval vessels to the supply of small condensers for use aboard commercial ships. Although gas turbine power plants are becoming more popular, the most common means of producing electrical power remains the steam turbine. Extraction and induction are purely governed and decided by the plant requirements and not because of steam turbine requirements.
Economical design of a condenser will result with t. During normal operation, leakoff steam tapped from different sections in the pressureside stages of turbine glands is used to seal the glands of lowpressure stages. A surface condenser is a commonly used term for a watercooled shell and tube heat exchanger installed to condense exhaust steam from a steam turbine in thermal power stations. Turbine gland steam condenser valve control theory free. And one of the best ways to improve efficiency and prevent rust is by implementing a gland steam condenser package. Performance characteristics of an aircooled condenser. The condenser is vented to the atmosphere via a blower.
Download 99 steam condenser power plant stock photos for free or amazingly low rates. It is a device or an appliance in which steam condenses and heat released by steam is absorbed by water. Acc transfers exhaust steam into condensate, then gives condensate to water circulation. The drains from the gland steam condenser discharge to the main condenser over a drip leg and through a steam trap. The tgss prevents leakage of air into or radioactive steam out of the turbine shaft and turbine valves. Or in other words it is a device which is used to condense exhaust steam of the turbine into water. Dec 02, 2016 for the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. A heattransfer device used for condensing steam to water by removal of the latent heat of steam and its subsequent absorption in a heatreceiving fluid, usually water, but on occasion air or a process fluid.
Unused fuji electric condensing steam turbine generator system. Airside leakage is cooled in the gland steam coolercondenser, and the condensate is drained to the condenser hotwell. Condenser is a device in which steam is condensed to water at a pressure less than atmosphere. Small heat exchanger used to condense the steam that leaks past the first section of seals on the shaft of a steam turbine. The gland exhaust portion of the system consists of the gland steam condenser, gland steam condenser exhausters, and associated piping. As its the usual the acid production is coupled with power generation steam turbine driven generators. An introduction to condensers and auxiliary equipment for. The main function of condenser is to convert gaseous form of exhaust steam into liquid form at a pressure of below atmosphere. Many steam based systems use a circuit of water to maximize their efficiency. Condenser the gland steam condenser receives steam and noncondensable gases from the tgss and condenses the steam.
Api heat transfer has designed and manufactured a wide variety of gland steam condenser packages. Gland condensers vacuum systems steam jet ejectors. Steam condenser definition, working, types and advantages. Mar 26, 2020 a steam condenser is a piece of machinery that turns steam into water. Gland steam condenser posted in industrial professionals. Water is heated into steam, the steam provides motivation for a process, a steam condenser turns it back into water and the cycle begins again. Air leaks into the condenser from flanged connections, turbine seals, valves and other equipment connected to the condenser. Exhaust steam comes from turbine gets into acc steam collection header through steam pipe.
The function of the gland steam condenser is to maintain a subatmospheric pressure at the outermost leakoff belt of the glands and thereby prevent the leakage of steam from the glands into the turbine hall, where it would condense on the walls and plant. We offer a line of standard gland steam systems and singlestage ejectors to accommodate all these requirements. To prevent rust and loss of efficiency from steam leakage a gland steam condenser package is incorporated into the power plant. Gland steam condensers are essential for improved efficiency in steam turbine systems.
The condenser flood test and vacuum tightness test are conducted to identify locations or areas, eg, all connections to condenser, gland seals of valves located on vacuum services, relief valves, gauge glasses, flow control valves, flanges, lp turbine gland seals, and so on, through which air ingress to the condenser shell may take place. The reutilization of this steam is carried over by the enhanced gland steam system. Steam surface condensers applications graham corporation. Large steam system condensers heat exchanger engineers. A slight vacuum is created in the gland steam condenser by the gland steam condenser exhausters. Heat exchanger knowledge heat exchanger companies suppliers. Re utilization of gland steam for optimized efficiency in. A steam powered eductor draws a vacuum and expels the noncondensables that are drawn down with the steam to the gland condenser.
The gland steam co ndenser is integrated into the condensate system with condensate passing through the tubing. The condenser terminal difference is the difference in temperature between the steam saturation temperature t s corresponding to condenser pressure and the outlet cooling water temperature t 2. Upto approximately 40% load steam from auxiliary source crhaux. Fuji electric 50548001 unused fuji electric condensing steam turbine generator system. Key words cogeneration, gland steam, recovery system. The steam condenser, shown in figure 9 below, is a major component of the steam cycle in power generation facilities. Steam condenser article about steam condenser by the. Graham has provided steam surface condensers for main propulsion and turbine generator applications aboard naval and commercial vessels. To prevent rust and loss of efficiency, a gland steam condenser package is incorporated into the power plant.
Pdf experimental study on performance of steam condenser. When casing pressure is higher than atmospheric the gland sealing steam passes outward toward the gland steam condenser through a spillover valve. Steam condenser article about steam condenser by the free. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. The steam turbine itself is a device to convert the heat in steam to mechanical power.
The gland condenser uses cooling water to condense this steam to water which is usually lost to sewer. In thermal power plants,one knows that steam is used as a working material. Steam condenser is a mechanical device which converts the low pressure exhaust steam from the turbine into water. The penultimate section of each gland is supplied with steam from gland steam header, which is maintained at a pressure of 1. Cogeneration is simply the simultaneous production of. Gland steam must have appropriate temperature and pressure which must be controlled during startup. Api heat transfer has designed and manufactured a wide variety of gland steam condenser packages in almost every possible. Many steambased systems use a circuit of water to maximize their efficiency. The best way to convert steams potential energy into electricity is with a steam turbine. Each street consists of three to five main condenser units with a. Our gland steam condenser packages pull a slight vacuum on the turbine shaft seals by means of vacuum pumps, centrifugal blowers, or steam ejectors. Whether condensing exhaust steam from the turbine by means of water or directly with air to subatmospheric pressure, alfa laval has a broad portfolio of condensers to do the job from semiwelded plate type condensers, fully welded to wet surface air coolers.
A steam condenser is a piece of machinery that turns steam into water. Performance characteristics of an aircooled condenser under. Thus, the design of glands and seals is optimized to reduce any leakage. Aframe direct aircooled steam condenser units are normally arranged in multirow or multistreet arrays. Dec 18, 2015 place the gland sealing steam system in service. In case of turbines with cooling water preheating and lowpressure lp.
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